Ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi puaʻa ʻApelika a me ka ʻūhini ʻūhini Hikina, ʻo ka maʻi maʻi pneumonia lei aliʻi hou e hoʻonui nei i ke kumukūʻai meaʻai honua a me ka pilikia lako, a hiki ke hāpai i nā loli mau i ke kaulahao lako.
ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o nā limahana i hana ʻia e ka maʻi pneumonia lei aliʻi hou, ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kaulahao hoʻolako a me nā hana pani hoʻokele waiwai e loaʻa i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka lako meaʻai honua.ʻO nā hana a kekahi aupuni e hoʻopaʻa i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka palaoa no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi kūloko e hōʻino paha i ke kūlana.
I loko o kahi seminar pūnaewele i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka Globalization Think Tank (CCG), ʻo Matthew Kovac, ka luna hoʻokele o ka Food Industry Association of Asia (FIA), i haʻi aku i kahi mea hoʻolaha mai China Business News ʻo ka pilikia pōkole o ke kaulahao lako ka mea kūʻai aku. mau maʻamau.Ua hoʻololi nā hoʻololi i ka ʻoihana hānai maʻamau;i ka wā lōʻihi, hiki i nā hui meaʻai nui ke hana i ka hana decentralized.
ʻO nā ʻāina ʻilihune loa i hoʻopilikia ʻia
Wahi a ka ʻikepili i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka World Bank, ʻo nā ʻāina he 50 i hoʻopilikia nui ʻia e ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi lei aliʻi hou no ka awelika o 66% o ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka meaʻai o ka honua.Aia ka mahele mai 38% no nā mea kanu hobby e like me ka paka a i ka 75% no nā aila holoholona a me nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai hou a me ka ʻiʻo.ʻO ka lawe ʻana aku i nā meaʻai koʻikoʻi e like me ke kulina, ka palaoa a me ka raiki ke hilinaʻi nui nei hoʻi i kēia mau ʻāina.
Ke kū nei hoʻi nā ʻāina hoʻohua hoʻokahi i ka hopena koʻikoʻi mai ka maʻi ahulau.No ka laʻana, ʻo Belgium kekahi o nā mea kūʻai ʻuala nui o ka honua.Ma muli o ka paʻa ʻana, ʻaʻole nalo wale ʻo Belgium i ke kūʻai aku ma muli o ka pani ʻana o nā hale ʻaina kūloko, akā ua kāpae ʻia nā kūʻai aku i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ʻEulopa ma muli o ka blockade.ʻO Ghana kekahi o nā mea kūʻai koko nui loa o ka honua.I ka nānā ʻana o ka poʻe i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mea e pono ai ma mua o ke kokoleka i ka wā o ke ahulau, ua nalowale ka ʻāina i nā mākeke holoʻokoʻa ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia.
Ua haʻi aku ʻo Michele Ruta, ka mea hoʻokele waiwai nui o ka World Bank i ka hōʻike inā ʻo ka maʻi o nā limahana a me ke koi i ka wā o ka hele ʻana o ka nohona e pili pono i ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā huahana mahiʻai, a laila hoʻokahi ma hope o ka puka ʻana. hiki ke hoemi ia e 6% a i ka 20%, a e emi iho ana ka lako o na mea ai nui nui, e like me ka laiki, ka palaoa a me ka uala, ma mua o 15%.
Wahi a ka nānā ʻana o ka European Union University Institute (EUI), Global Trade Alert (GTA) a me ka World Bank, i ka hopena o ʻApelila, ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 mau ʻāina a me nā ʻāina i kau i kekahi ʻano o nā mea paʻa i nā meaʻai.No ka laʻana, ua kau ʻo Rūsia a me Kazakhstan i nā kaohi e hoʻokuʻu aku ai i nā kīʻaha, a ua kau ʻo India a me Vietnam i nā palena hoʻokuʻu aku i ka raiki.I ka manawa like, ke wikiwiki nei kekahi mau ʻāina i ka lawe ʻana mai e mālama i ka meaʻai.Eia kekahi laʻana, ke hoʻopaʻa nei ʻo Philippines i ka laiki a ʻo ʻAigupita ke mālama i ka palaoa.
I ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai meaʻai ma muli o ka hopena o ka maʻi maʻi pneumonia lei aliʻi hou, makemake paha ke aupuni e hoʻohana i nā kulekele kālepa e hoʻopaʻa i nā kumukūʻai kūloko.ʻO kēia ʻano pale ʻai meaʻai he ala maikaʻi ia e hāʻawi ai i ka hōʻoluʻolu i nā pūʻulu nāwaliwali loa, akā ʻo ka hoʻokō like ʻana o ia mau hana a nā aupuni he nui ke kumu e piʻi nui ai nā kumukūʻai meaʻai honua, e like me ka hihia ma 2010-2011.Wahi a ka manaʻo o ka World Bank, i ka hapaha ma hope o ka puka ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi, ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o nā mea paʻa i waho e hopena i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā meaʻai honua e 40.1%, aʻo nā kumukūʻai meaʻai honua e piʻi i ka awelika o 12.9. %.E piʻi aʻe nā kumukūʻai nui o nā iʻa, ʻoat, nā mea kanu a me ka palaoa i 25% a ʻoi aʻe.
ʻO kēia mau hopena maikaʻi ʻole e lawe nui ʻia e nā ʻāina ʻilihune.Wahi a ka ʻikepili mai ka World Economic Forum, ma nā ʻāina ʻilihune, ʻai ka meaʻai no 40% -60% o kā lākou ʻai ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi he 5-6 mau manawa o nā ʻoihana holomua.ʻO ka Nomura Securities' Food Vulnerability Index he 110 mau ʻāina a me nā ʻāina e pili ana i ka hopena o ka nui o nā loli i nā kumukūʻai meaʻai.Hōʻike ka ʻikepili hou loa e kokoke ana i nā ʻāina a me nā ʻāpana he 50 i pilikia loa i ka piʻi mau ʻana o nā kumukūʻai meaʻai ʻO kahi hoʻokele waiwai e ulu ana ma kahi o ʻekolu hapalima o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua.I waena o lākou, ʻo nā ʻāina i hoʻopilikia nui ʻia e hilinaʻi nei i ka lawe ʻana mai i nā meaʻai, ʻo Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Yemen a me Cuba.E piʻi aʻe ke kumukūʻai meaʻai ma kēia mau ʻāina e 15% a i 25.9%.E pili ana i nā cereals, ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai ma nā ʻāina hoʻomohala a liʻiliʻi loa e hilinaʻi nei i ka lawe ʻana mai i nā meaʻai e like me 35.7%.
"He nui nā kumu e hoʻohālikelike ai i ka ʻōnaehana meaʻai honua.Ma waho aʻe o ka maʻi ahulau o kēia manawa, aia kekahi mau hoʻololi i ke aniau a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe.Manaʻo wau he mea nui ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hui politika like ʻole i ka wā e hoʻoponopono ai i kēia pilikia.Ua haʻi aku ʻo International Food Policy Research Institute ʻo Johan Swinnen i nā mea hoʻolaha CBN he mea nui loa ia e hōʻemi i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i kahi kumu kūʻai."ʻO ia ka mea inā ʻoe e hoʻopuka wale i kahi hapa nui o ka meaʻai maʻamau mai hoʻokahi ʻāina, hiki i kēia kaulahao lako a me ka lawe ʻana i nā mea hoʻoweliweli.No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻolālā ʻana e kūkulu i kahi waihona hoʻopukapuka e loaʻa mai nā wahi like ʻole."Ua'ōleloʻo ia.
Pehea e hoʻololi ai i ke kaulahao lako
I ʻApelila, nui nā hale pepehi kanaka ma US kahi i hōʻoia ai nā limahana i nā hihia i koi ʻia e pani.Ma waho aʻe o ka hopena pololei o ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka 25% i ka lako puaʻa, ua hoʻouluʻia hoʻi i nā hopena piliʻole e like me nā hopohopo e pili ana i ka noi hānai.ʻO ka "World Agricultural Supply and Demand Forecast Report" hou loa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka US Department of Agriculture e hōʻike ana i ka nui o nā meaʻai i hoʻohana ʻia ma 2019-2020 hiki ke helu ma kahi o 46% o ka noi kulina home ma United States.
"ʻO ka pani ʻana o ka hale hana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi pneumonia lei aliʻi hou he paʻakikī nui.Inā pani wale ia no kekahi mau lā, hiki i ka hale hana ke hoʻomalu i kona mau poho.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi o ka hana ʻana ʻaʻole wale ia e hana i nā kaʻina hana passive, akā hana pū kekahi i kā lākou mea hoʻolako i ka haunaele.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Christine McCracken, ka mea loiloi kiʻekiʻe ma ka ʻoihana protein holoholona o Rabobank.
ʻO ka puka koke ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi lei aliʻi hou i loaʻa i nā hopena paʻakikī i ke kaulahao meaʻai honua.Mai ka hana ʻana o nā hale hana ʻiʻo i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a hiki i ka ʻohi huaʻai a me nā mea kanu ma India, ua hoʻopau nā palena huakaʻi ma waena o nā palena i ka pōʻai hana maʻamau o nā mahiʻai.Wahi a The Economist, pono ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ʻEulopa i ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 miliona mau limahana hana mai Mexico, ʻApelika ʻĀkau a me ʻEulopa Hikina i kēlā me kēia makahiki e mālama i ka ʻohi, akā i kēia manawa ke lilo nei ka pilikia o ka nele i ka hana.
Ma muli o ka paʻakikī o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā huahana mahiʻai i nā mea kanu a me nā mākeke, pono ka nui o nā mahiʻai e hoʻolei a luku paha i ka waiū a me nā meaʻai hou ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia i nā mea kanu.Ua ʻōlelo ka ʻAhahui Kūʻai ʻo Agricultural Products (PMA), he hui kalepa ʻoihana ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua ʻoi aku ma mua o $ 5 biliona o nā huaʻai hou a me nā mea kanu i hoʻopau ʻia, a ua hoʻolei kekahi mau hale hana waiu i nā tausani galani waiū.
ʻO kekahi o nā hui meaʻai a me nā mea inu nui loa o ka honua, ʻo Unilever R&D executive vice president Carla Hilhorst, i haʻi aku i nā mea hoʻolaha CBN e pono e hōʻike i ke kaulahao lako.
"Pono mākou e hoʻolaha i ka nui a me ka hoʻonui ʻana, no ka mea i kēia manawa ke hilinaʻi nei kā mākou ʻai a me kā mākou hana i nā koho liʻiliʻi."Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Silhorst, "I loko o kā mākou mau mea maka, hoʻokahi wale nō kumu hana?, Ehia mau mea hoʻolako, ma hea kahi i hanaʻia ai nā mea maka, aʻo ia kahi i hanaʻia ai nā mea waiwai i ka pilikia kiʻekiʻe?Mai kēia mau pilikia, pono mākou e hana i nā hana he nui. "
Ua haʻi ʻo Kovac i nā mea hoʻolaha CBN i ka wā pōkole, ʻike ʻia ka hana hou ʻana o ke kaulahao meaʻai e ka maʻi maʻi pneumonia lei aliʻi hou i ka neʻe wikiwiki ʻana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka meaʻai pūnaewele, kahi i hoʻopilikia nui ai i ka ʻoihana meaʻai a me nā mea inu.
No ka laʻana, ua hāʻule ke kūʻai aku ʻo McDonald ma ʻEulopa ma kahi o 70%, ua hoʻihoʻi hou nā hale kūʻai nui i ka hoʻoili ʻana, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka mana lako e-commerce o Amazon e 60%, a ua hoʻonui ʻo Wal-Mart i kāna hoʻolimalima ʻana ma 150,000.
I ka wā lōʻihi, ʻōlelo ʻo Kovac: "Hiki i nā ʻoihana ke ʻimi i ka hana decentralized i ka wā e hiki mai ana.Hiki i kahi ʻoihana nui me nā hale hana he nui ke hōʻemi i kona hilinaʻi kūikawā ma kekahi hale hana.Inā hoʻopaʻa ʻia kāu hana i hoʻokahi ʻāina, hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i ka hoʻololi ʻana, e like me nā mea hoʻolako waiwai a i ʻole nā mea kūʻai aku.
"Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei au e wikiwiki ka wikiwiki o ka automation o nā ʻoihana hoʻoponopono meaʻai e makemake ana e hoʻopukapuka.ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i kēia manawa e loaʻa i ka hopena i ka hana, akā manaʻo wau inā ʻoe e nānā i hope i ka makahiki 2008 (ka lako i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kapu o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā meaʻai i kekahi mau ʻāina) I ka hihia o kahi pilikia), kēlā mau hui meaʻai a me nā mea inu. makemake lākou e hoʻokomo i ʻike i ka ulu ʻana o ke kūʻai aku, a i ʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā ʻoihana i hoʻokomo ʻole.Ua haʻi ʻo Kovac i ka mea hoʻolaha CBN.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-06-2021